Astigmatism is a common refractive error that affects the eye’s ability to focus light and can cause blurred vision. It occurs when the cornea (the clear front surface of the eye) or lens (the part of the eye that focuses light) is irregularly shaped, resulting in multiple focal points instead of one clear image.
While astigmatism may be present at birth, it can also develop or worsen over time due to various factors. Eye trauma, such as injuries or surgeries, can disrupt the normal curvature of the cornea, leading to or exacerbating astigmatism. Genetics play a significant role as well—individuals with a family history of the condition may be more prone to developing it.
Regular eye checkups are essential to monitor and manage this condition effectively.
Eye Trauma
Trauma to the eye, whether from an accident or injury, can cause changes in the shape of the cornea or lens. This can result in astigmatism or worsen existing astigmatism. For example, a direct impact on the eye may cause a scar or distortion on the surface of the cornea, affecting its curvature and causing astigmatism. In some cases, surgical procedures such as cataract surgery can also lead to changes in astigmatism due to alterations in the shape of the lens.
Genetics
As with many other eye conditions, genetics play a significant role in the development and progression of astigmatism. If one or both parents have astigmatism, their children are more likely to develop it. However, this does not necessarily mean that all children will inherit the condition, it simply increases their chances. For individuals with a family history of astigmatism, regular eye exams are crucial for early detection and management of the condition.
Lifestyle Factors
Research indicates that preschoolers exposed to screens at an early age may face a higher risk of developing astigmatism. Extended periods of focusing on digital screens or engaging in close-up activities like reading without regular breaks can strain the eyes, potentially affecting their ability to maintain proper focus. Furthermore, neglecting regular eye exams or failing to wear prescribed corrective lenses can exacerbate existing astigmatism, leading to further vision problems over time.
Symptoms of Worsening Astigmatism
As astigmatism worsens, individuals may experience a variety of symptoms such as:
- Blurred or distorted vision at all distances
- Eye strain and fatigue
- Headaches
- Difficulty seeing at night or in low-light conditions
It is important to see your eye doctor if you experience these symptoms, as they could indicate a worsening of astigmatism or another underlying eye condition.
Prevention & Treatment Options
While there is no guaranteed way to prevent astigmatism, there are steps that can be taken to reduce the risk or manage its progression. These include:
- Regular eye exams: It is recommended to have a comprehensive eye exam every 1–2 years, or as advised by an eye care professional.
- Proper use of corrective lenses: Wearing glasses or contact lenses as prescribed can help correct vision and prevent strain on the eyes.
- Good eye care habits: Taking breaks from digital screens, not rubbing your eyes, maintaining proper lighting when reading or working, and practicing good contact lens hygiene can all help prevent astigmatism from worsening.
In cases where astigmatism significantly impacts daily activities or cannot be corrected with glasses or contacts, other treatment options may be recommended. These can include:
- Refractive surgeries: Procedures such as LASIK or photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) can reshape the cornea to correct vision and reduce astigmatism.
- Orthokeratology (ortho-k): This involves wearing specially designed contact lenses overnight to temporarily reshape the cornea and improve vision.
Regular eye exams, along with proper use of corrective lenses, are key in preventing worsening astigmatism. In addition, maintaining a healthy lifestyle and managing any underlying health conditions can also help prevent the development or progression of astigmatism. Eating a balanced diet rich in vitamins and minerals, staying hydrated, and managing chronic conditions like diabetes can all contribute to overall eye health.
Take Control of Your Eye Health at The Eye Care Centre
While astigmatism may not have a singular known cause, there are steps that can be taken to manage its effects and maintain good eye health. By prioritizing regular eye exams, following proper corrective lens use, and maintaining a healthy lifestyle, individuals can effectively manage astigmatism and enjoy clear vision.
At The Eye Care Centre, we are committed to helping our patients manage and treat astigmatism. Our team can provide personalized eye care and treatment options for each individual case. Contact us today to schedule an appointment and take control of your eye health.
